Early Imaging Findings of Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy Mimicking Bone Metastasis from Extrathoracic Malignancy

Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (HOA) is a syndrome characterized by digital clubbing, periosteal bone formation, and synovial effusions.Secondary HOA is associated with here intrathoracic malignancy in most cases; however, in rare cases, HOA can be caused by extrathoracic conditions.We report early ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and bone scintigraphy findings of HOA in a patient with breast cancer.Its ambiguous clinical and imaging findings that mimicked malignant conditions are bekindtopets.com particularly interesting and informative.

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